One of the early focuses of Project MAC would be the development of a successor to CTSS, Multics, which was to be the first high availability computer system, developed as a part of an industry consortium including General Electric and Bell Laboratories. To this end, Corbató brought the first computer time-sharing system, Compatible Time-Sharing System ( CTSS ), with him from the MIT Computation Center, using the DARPA funding to purchase an IBM 7094 for research use. Thes e founders envisioned the creation of a computer utility whose computational power would be as reliable as an electric utility. Corbató, and a community of computer programmers and enthusiasts among others who drew their inspiration from former colleague John McCarthy. The early Project MAC community included Fano, Minsky, Licklider, Fernando J. In the 1960 s and 1970 s the AI Group developed a time-sharing operating system called Incompatible Timesharing System ( ITS ) which ran on PDP-6 and later PDP-10 computers. They were interested principally in the problems of vision, mechanical motion and manipulation, and language, which they view as the keys to more intelligent machines. An ” AI Group ” including Marvin Minsky ( the director ), John McCarthy ( inventor of Lisp ), and a talented community of computer programmers were incorporated into Project MAC. Its contemporaries included Project Genie at Berkeley, the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and ( somewhat later ) University of Southern California ‘ s ( USC’s ) Information Sciences Institute. Project MAC would become famous for groundbreaking research in operating systems, artificial intelligence, and the theory of computation. Licklider, who had previously been at MIT conducting research in RLE, and would later succeed Fano as director of Project MAC. The program manager responsible for the DARPA grant was J. Fano decided to call MAC a ” project ” rather than a ” laboratory ” for reasons of internal MIT politics – if MAC had been called a laboratory, then it would have been more difficult to raid other MIT departments for research staff. Project MAC’s original director was Robert Fano of MIT’s Research Laboratory of Electronics ( RLE ). On July 1, 1963, Project MAC ( the Project on Mathematics and Computation, later backronymed to Multiple Access Computer, Machine Aided Cognitions, or Man and Computer ) was launched with a USD 2 million grant from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ). At MIT, research in the field of artificial intelligence began in late 1950 s. Bạn đang đọc: MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory – Wikipedia History Ĭomputing research at MIT began with Vannevar Bush ‘ s research into a differential analyzer and Claude Shannon ‘ s electronic Boolean algebra in the 1930 s, the wartime MIT Radiation Laboratory, the post-war Project Whirlwind and Research Laboratory of Electronics ( RLE ), and MIT Lincoln Laboratory ‘ s SAGE in the early 1950 s.
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